Scientists have captured the birth of a fast-moving river of ice on top of a Russian glacier. The glacial surge began in 2013 until the spring of 2019 when the ice cap lost 9.5 billion tons of ice. Researchers had been continuously monitoring the dramatic transformation of this area since 2015. Glacial surges bring a huge amount of ice in a short amount of time. Researchers believe the new study shows strong evidence for a transition from a glacial surge to an ice stream.
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